6th Edition of Neurology World Conference 2026

Abstract

The most common disease of the entire group of myelin diseases is multiple sclerosis. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in rats is an experimental model of human multiple sclerosis. The purpose of this work is to study the effect of a ganglioside-containing drug on the development of purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) activity in the blood of rats with experimentally induced allergic encephalomyelitis. For studies of oxidative stress, the brain and spinal cord of experimental rats were used. The ganglioside-containing drug Cronassial containing mono-di-tri-sialgangliosides was used as a therapeutic agent.

The experiments were carried out on 30 inbred white rats weighing 180-200 g. Induced immunization with an emulsion of bovine spinal cord homogenate + complete Freund's adjuvant according to the protocol. Rats were divided into groups: a control group; a group with simulated autoimmune encephalomyelitis, and a group with the administering of the drug Cronasial. Animals with EAE were decapitated on the 21st day. Treatment started on the 22nd day. The activity of lipid peroxidation was assessed by the content of hydroperoxides and malondialdehyde. The content of diene and triene conjugates, and Schiff bases were recorded by the Deryugina method. The activity of PNP was determined by the accumulation of guanine using the Folin reagent.

Purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP, E.C.2.4.2.1) catalyses the cleavage of the glycosidic bond of ribo- and deoxyribonucleosides in the presence of inorganic orthophosphate (P_i) as a second substrate to generate the purine base and ribose (deoxyribose)-1-phosphate.

In the homogenate of the brain and spinal cord of rats on the 21st day of the development of the disease, a stationary level of the intensity of free radical reactions is observed, as well as suppression of the activity of PNP in the blood compared to the animals of the control group. In the animals of the third group, which were administering the ganglioside-containing drug Cronassial, a significant decrease in both initial and final LPO products was observed, as well as an increase in PNP activity. As it is known, PNP is one of the enzymes that characterize the immune status of the organism, and inhibition of this enzyme leads to the disruption of homeostasis of nucleosides that causes T- cell immunodeficiency.

Thus, our data indicate the neuroprotective and antioxidant effects of Cronasial when administered to animals with autoimmune encephalomyelitis.